A new study from the Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience brings together two schools of thought on the function of the neurotransmitter dopamine: one saying that dopamine provides a learning signal ...

Our past experience is one of the primary sources of information when faced with a choice. We ask ourselves: "what will happen if I do this?"Accurately predicting the consequences of our actions is ...

When an action is performed repeatedly, it will eventually become habitual. Forming habits is essential in life, enabling almost automatic and prompt output and the ability to multitask with minimal ...

Operant conditioning is B.F. Skinner’s name for instrumental learning: learning by consequences. Not a new idea, of course. Humanity has always known how to teach children and animals by means of ...